An interesting paper by W. Michael Cox and Richard Alm of the Dallas Fed (link above) posits India is poised to benefit more in the long run from its services driven approach towards development over China - which has taken a more conventional manufacturing/export driven route towards development.
A couple of things stood out: In 1980 China's per capita income was $556 in 2007 it was $4766, India's on the other hand was $917 and $2534. Compounded annually China's per-capita income growth rate in the last 27 years has been about 8%. India's on the other hand was 4%. Note these are NOMINAL figures in US $. Given that the CPI denominated in US $ has probably been around 6% in this period (
http://www.economagic.com/em-cgi/data.exe/feddal/cpimsa). India's REAL per-capita growth in 27 years has been -2% and China's +2%.
The paper says that the typical Indian services worker generates about $25000 per year in productivity. Based on personal experience I think that's too high. It should be in the $15000 (About 6,00,000 INR) per year region: We have 35 employees our revenue is about 200,00,000 INR - which makes the per employee revenue to be about 5,70,000 INR. Admittedly my sample is very skewed and I am only considering one imperfect firm. But I believe my company is the typical small-sized services firm that will make up the bulk of future growth in services exports. That would put the services worker's productivity squarely in the same range as China.
For all practical purposes China is a middle-income country (or will be shortly), India on the other hand has languished in the emerging column for the last 3 decades and looks to continue doing so for my lifetime. I think India's time as a counter-weight (economically and geo-politically) to China is past.